Guns, Germs, And Steel: Ch. 1

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-Anonymous

Notes:

1,000 of the world's 6,000 modern languages are located in New Guinea.
11,000 B.C. is when the first signs of village-life are reported.
Artifacts dating 40,000 years ago in southeastern Europe are attributed to the Cro-Magnons. The Cro-Magnons contributed artwork such as paintings, statues, and musical instruments.
Neanderthals are dated from 130,000 B.C. to 40,000 B.C. That's a long time.
The two species are thought to have come in contact around 40,000 B.C. and ended with the Cro-Magnons destroying the Neanderthals.

"That sequence strongly suggests that the modern Cro-Magnons somehow used their far superior technology, and their language skills or brains, to infect, kill, or displace the Neanderthals, leaving behind little or no evidence of hybridization between Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons."

The Great Leap Forwards is attributed to a rapid expansion of human colonization, artwork, technology, and intelligence and comes during a period of migration to Australia and New Guinea. Reaching the new land required crossing a minimum of eight channels, dividing the islands of the western Pacific. The occupation of Australia/New Guinea between 40,000 and 30,000 years ago reveals the first use of watercraft in history. Such adventure would describe the resulting "leap" in technology, culture, and artwork found at these archeological sites.

Early extinctions believed to be caused by humans:
Dodo (Mauritius)
Moas (New Zealand)
Giant lemur (Madagascar)
Big flightless geese (Hawaii)

The Americas were first colonized anywhere between 14,000 and 35,000 years ago. The first sites in Alaska, dating around 12,000 B.C., are attributed to the Clovis.